Charlie Hargood

Dr Charlie Hargood

  • u_chargood at bournemouth dot ac dot uk
  • Associate Professor in Games Technology
Back to top

Biography

Dr Charlie Hargood is an Associate Professor in Games Technology at Bournemouth University in the department of Creative Technology. He is an internationally recognised research leader in narrative systems, and a regular contributor to ACM Hypertext and Social Media where he has twice won the SIGWeb Engelbart prize for models of location aware narrative, is organiser for the Narrative and Hypertext Workshop, and regularly serves on the programme committee. He has contributed to numerous research projects, and was technical lead for both the Leverhulme funded StoryPlaces project investigating interactive location aware stories, and a principal investigator on the EU/UKRI funded LoGaCulture project exploring mixed reality for cultural heritage. He has lead and contributed to the development of significant applications that remain widely used within research, and has published in a range of internationally recognised conferences and journals.

Research

My research interests include: Narrative Systems, Hypertext and Hypermedia, Digital Storytelling, Authoring Tools, Locative Storytelling, eXtended Reality, Game Design, UX

Journal Articles

  • Zheng, Y., Boratto, L., Hargood, C., Lee, D., 2025. ACM Hypertext 2025 Chairs’ Welcome. ACM Ht 2025 Proceedings of the 36th Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, iii.
  • Kitromili, S., Hargood, C., Skains, R.L., 2025. Interactive digital narratives for mental resilience: Understanding the player experience of betwixt. Entertainment Computing, 52.
  • Ferraris, C., Davis, T., Gatzidis, C., Hargood, C., 2023. Digital Cultural Items in Space: The Impact of Contextual Information on Presenting Digital Cultural Items. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, 16 (4).
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2021. Use of Tools: UX Principles for Interactive Narrative Authoring Tools. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, 14 (3).
  • Millard, D.E., Packer, H., Howard, Y., Hargood, C., 2020. The balance of attention: The challenges of creating locative cultural storytelling experiences. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, 13 (4).
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2018. The thematic modelling of subtext. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 77 (21), 28281-28308.
  • Hargood, C., 2018. The Narrative and Hypertext Workshop Series and the value of Workshops to Research Communities. ACM SIGWEB Newsletter (ACM Digital Library), Summer 2018 (Summer).
  • Morrison, L.G., Geraghty, A.W.A., Lloyd, S., Goodman, N., Michaelides, D.T., Hargood, C., Weal, M., Yardley, L., 2018. Comparing usage of a web and app stress management intervention: An observational study. Internet Interventions, 12, 74-82.
  • Morrison, L.G., Hargood, C., Pejovic, V., Geraghty, A.W.A., Lloyd, S., Goodman, N., Michaelides, D.T., Weston, A., Musolesi, M., Weal, M.J., Yardley, L., 2017. The effect of timing and frequency of push notifications on usage of a smartphone-based stress management intervention: An exploratory trial. Plos One, 12 (1).
  • Lin, S.X., Morrison, L., Smith, P.W.F., Hargood, C., Weal, M., Yardley, L., 2016. Properties of bootstrap tests for N-of-1 studies. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 69 (3), 276-290.
  • Morrison, L., Arden-Close, E., Bradbury, K., Smith, E., Michaelides, D., Hargood, C., Weal, M., Little, P., Yardley, L., 2015. How does usage of a weight-management intervention vary by context? The story of POWeR. European Health Psychologist, 17 (S).
  • Morrison, L.G., Hargood, C., Lin, S.X., Dennison, L., Joseph, J., Hughes, S., Michaelides, D.T., Johnston, D., Johnston, M., Michie, S., Little, P., Smith, P.W.F., Weal, M.J., Yardley, L., 2014. Understanding usage of a hybrid website and smartphone app for weight management: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16 (10), e201.
  • Millard, D.E., Borthwick, K., Howard, Y., McSweeney, P., Hargood, C., 2013. The HumBox: Changing educational practice around a learning resource repository. Computers and Education, 69, 287-302.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2010. Capturing the semiotic relationship between terms. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 16 (1-2).

Books

Chapters

Conferences

  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., 2025. Narrative and Hypertext 2025: Interdisciplinary Applications of Narrative Hypertext (NHT). ACM Ht 2025 Adjunct Proceedings of the 36th ACM Conference Hypertext and Social Media.
  • Brett, J., Hargood, C., Millard, D., Malinov, Y.D., Rimington, B., 2025. LUTE: A Hypertextual Mixed Reality Game Engine. ACM Ht 2025 Proceedings of the 36th Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 137-145.
  • Liu, W., Hargood, C., Tang, W., Hulusic, V., 2025. Evaluating the Impact of User and Learning Experience in Three Cultural Heritage VR Applications. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games Fdg 2025.
  • Haahr, M., Nisi, V., Vreeke, J., Hargood, C., 2025. Temporal Collisions: On the Use of Narrative Conventions from Genre Fiction for Location-Based Cultural Heritage Games. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games Fdg 2025.
  • Nisi, V., Nunes, N.J., Hargood, C., Da Milano, C., Millard, D., 2025. Ethics of Mixed Reality Entertainment. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 15192 LNCS, 296-304.
  • Royal, K.A.E.B., Hargood, C., 2024. Parabolic Emotion: An anthology of poetic games employing ludonarrative techniques in exploring alienation. Ht 2024 Creative Intelligence 35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 287-288.
  • Hargood, C., 2024. A LocoLudo Approach: Locative Hypertext Ludonarrative. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2024 10/09/2024 Poznan, Poland.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., Nisi, V., Nunes, N., 2024. The Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext 2024 (NHT24): The Ethics of Mixed Reality Narrative Hypertext. Ht 2024 Creative Intelligence 35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 393-395.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., Da Milano, C., Nisi, V., Haahr, M., Spierling, U., 2024. An Ethical Commitment for Mixed Reality Games. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2024 09/09/2024 Poznan, Poland.
  • Southall, E., Hulusic, V., John, D., Hargood, C., hOisin, N.O., 2024. Towards a Collaborative Authoring Tool for Cultural Heritage Applications: Modelling the Development Process Between Curators and Developers. EUROGRAPHICS WORKSHOP ON GRAPHICS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE, GCH 2024.
  • Brett, J., Hargood, C., 2023. Authoring Tools for Mixed Reality. In: Hypertext 2023 04/09/2023 R.
  • Pope, J., Kitromili, S., Hargood, C., 2023. The Genarrator Authoring Experience: A UX evaluation approach. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2023 04/09/2023 Rome. http://nht.ecs.soton.ac.uk/2023/proceedings.htm.
  • Liu, W., Hargood, C., Tang, W., Hulusic, V., 2023. User eXperience in educational eXtended Reality applications in the Cultural Heritage domain. In: EUROGRAPHICS Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage (2023) 04/09/2023 Lecce, Italy. The Eurographics Association.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., 2023. NHT'23: Narrative and Hypertext 2023. Ht 2023 the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media.
  • Xu, W., Charles, F., Hargood, C., 2023. Generating Stylistic and Personalized Dialogues for Virtual Agents in Narratives. Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems Aamas, 2023-May, 737-746.
  • Southall, E., Hulusic, V., Hargood, C., 2023. Interaction Styles in a Multi-Modal Virtual Museum. EUROGRAPHICS WORKSHOP ON GRAPHICS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE, GCH 2023, 203-205.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., 2022. NHT'22: Narrative and Hypertext 2022. Ht 2022 33rd ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media Co Located with ACM Websci 2022 and ACM Umap 2022, 271-272.
  • Kitromili, S., Hargood, C., Millard, D., Zhao, H., Pope, J., 2022. Locative Authoring: Evaluating the StoryPlaces Authoring Tool. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 13762 LNCS, 483-498.
  • Ferraris, C., Hargood, C., 2022. RichCast - A Voice-Driven Interactive Digital Narrative Authoring System. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 13762 LNCS, 414-423.
  • Ferraris, C., Gatzidis, C., Davis, T., Hargood, C., 2021. Capture, Processing and Presentation of Digital Cultural Items. In: EUROGRAPHICS Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage (2021) 04/11/2021 Bournemouth, UK.
  • Frazzitta, A., Hargood, C., 2021. Tale: Defamiliarizing Ludonarrative Puzzles. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 13138 LNCS.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., 2021. Hypertext as a Lens into Interactive Digital Narrative. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 13138 LNCS, 509-524.
  • Hargood, C., Green, D., 2020. The Authoring Tool Evaluation Problem. In: Authoring for Interactive Storytelling 03/11/2020 Bournemouth.
  • Xu, W., Charles, F., Hargood, C., Tian, F., Tang, W., 2020. Influence of personality- ased features for dialogue generation in computational narratives. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 325, 2945-2946.
  • André, P., Chapman, M., Frazer, A., Hargood, C., Hayton, A., Hooper, C., Willingham, G., Martinez, K., Schraefel, M.C., 2020. Rules of engagement: Design attributes for social interactions. Proceedings of the 20th Bcs Hci Group Conference Engage Hci 2006.
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2020. A Novel Design Pipeline for Authoring Tools. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 12497 LNCS, 102-110.
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2019. Novella 2.0: A hypertextual architecture for interactive narrative in games. Ht 2019 Proceedings of the 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 77-86.
  • Lynch, S., Pedersen, K., Charles, F., Hargood, C., 2019. M22 - A modern visual novel framework. Nht 2019 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext, 9-13.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., Bernstein, M., 2019. Narrative and Hypertext 2019 (NHT'19) workshop organizers' welcome. NHT 2019 - Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Bernstein, M., 2019. NHT'19: Narrative and hypertext 2019. Ht 2019 Proceedings of the 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., Bernstein, M., 2019. Narrative and Hypertext 2019 (NHT'19) workshop organizers' welcome. Nht 2019 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext.
  • Mitchell, A., Spierling, U., Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., 2018. Authoring for interactive storytelling: When, why, and do we actually need authoring tools? In: International Conference of Interactive Digital Storytelling 05/12/2018 Dublin. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 11318 LNCS, 544-547.
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2018. Define “Authoring Tool”: A Survey of Interactive Narrative Authoring Tools. In: AIS '18, ICIDS '18 05/12/2018 Dublin, Ireland.
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., Jones, A., 2018. Novella: A Proposition for Game-Based Storytelling. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2018 09/07/2018 Baltimore.
  • Jones, A., Gyori, B., Hargood, C., Charles, F., Green, D., 2018. Shelley's Heart: Experiences in Designing a Multi-Reader Locative Narrative. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2018 09/07/2018 Baltimore.
  • Hargood, C., Weal, M.J., Millard, D.E., 2018. The storyplaces platform: Building aweb-based locative hypertext system. Ht 2018 Proceedings of the 29th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 128-135.
  • Hargood, C., Charles, F., Millard, D.E., 2018. Intelligent generative locative hyperstructure. Ht 2018 Proceedings of the 29th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 238-241.
  • Xu, W., Hargood, C., Tang, W., Charles, F., 2018. Towards generating stylistic dialogues for narratives using data-driven approaches. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 11318 LNCS, 462-472.
  • Green, D., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2018. Contemporary issues in interactive storytelling authoring systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 11318 LNCS, 501-513.
  • Lynch, S., Hargood, C., Charles, F., 2017. Textual Authoring for Interactive Narrative. In: Authoring for Interactive Storytelling 2017 14/11/2017 Funchal, Madeira.
  • Millard, D., Hargood, C., Howard, Y., Packer, H., 2017. The StoryPlaces Authoring Tool: Pattern Centric Authoring. In: Authoring for Interactive Storytelling 2017 14/11/2017 Funchal, Madeira.
  • Hargood, C., Mitchell, A., Millard, D.E., Spierling, U., 2017. Authoring for Interactive Storytelling Workshop. In: International Conference of Interactive Digital Storytelling 2017 14/11/2017 Madeira. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 10690 LNCS, 405-408.
  • Millard, D., Hargood, C., Howard, Y., Hunt, V., 2017. Snowflakes in Scotland: The Role of Personal Reflection in Exploring Digital Poetics and Locative Stories. In: MIX 2017 Writing Digital 10/07/2017 Bath.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., 2017. Tiree tales: A co-operative inquiry into the poetics of location-based narratives. Ht 2017 Proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 15-24.
  • Hargood, C., Hicks, B., Charles, F., Lynch, S., Tang, W., 2017. Snow White Is Missing: An Interactive Locative Story for Dementia Patients. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 10345 LNCS, 85-92.
  • Hargood, C., Artis, B., Stevens, C., 2017. What's the story? A proposed approach for the evaluation of experimental interactive narrative. Ceur Workshop Proceedings, 1914.
  • Packer, H.S., Hargood, C., Howard, Y., Papadopoulos, P., Millard, D.E., 2017. Developing a Writer’s Toolkit for Interactive Locative Storytelling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 10690 LNCS, 63-74.
  • Hargood, C., Hunt, V., Weal, M.J., Millard, D.E., 2016. Patterns of sculptural hypertext in location based narratives. Ht 2016 Proceedings of the 27th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., 2015. A research framework for engineering location-based poetics. Nht 2015 Proceedings of the 2015 Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext Co Located with Ht 2015.
  • Millard, D.E., Hargood, C., Jewell, M.O., Weal, M.J., 2013. Canyons, deltas and plains: Towards a unified sculptural model of location-based hypertext. Ht 2013 Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media.
  • Hargood, C., Michaelides, D., Weal, M., Morrison, L., Yardley, L.. Digital interventions on and off mobile devices. In: Digital Futures 2012 10/2012 Aberdeen.
  • Weal, M., Hargood, C., Michaelides, D., Morrison, L., Yardley, L.. Making online behavioural interventions mobile. In: Digital Research 2012 09/2012 Oxford.
  • Hargood, C., Jewell, M.O., Millard, D.E., 2012. The narrative braid: A model for tackling the narrative paradox in adaptive documentaries. Nht 12 Proceedings of 2nd Workshop on Narrative and Hypertext.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Taylor, M.R., Davies, R., Brooker, S., 2012. Exploring (the poetics of) strange (and fractal) hypertexts. Ht 12 Proceedings of 23rd ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media.
  • McSweeney, P., Prince, R., Hargood, C., Millard, D., Carr, L.. Aggregated Erevnametrics: bringing together alt-metrics through Research Objects. In: Alt Metrics Workshop 2011 06/2011 Koblenz.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., Weal, M.. Measuring Narrative Cohesion: A Five Variables Approach. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2011 06/2011 Eindhoven.
  • Millard, D., Hargood, C., Weal, M., Warren, L., Harris, L.. Social Media and Emergent Organizational Narratives. In: Narrative and Hypertext 2011 06/2011 Eindhoven.
  • McSweeney, P., Borthwick, K., Hargood, C., Millard, D., Howard, Y.. The Mechanisms and Impact of Encouraging Community Engagement in Teaching Repositories. In: Open Repositories 2011 02/2011 Austen.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2010. A semiotic approach for the generation of themed photo narratives. Ht 10 Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2009. Investigating a thematic approach to narrative generation. Ceur Workshop Proceedings, 473.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2009. Using a thematic model to enrich photo montages. Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia Ht 09.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D.E., Weal, M.J., 2008. A thematic approach to emerging narrative structure. Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia Proceedings of the Hypertext 2008 Workshop on Collaboration and Collective Intelligence 2008 Webscience 08.

Theses

  • Green, D., 2019. Don't Forget to Save! The Impact of User Experience Design on Effectiveness of Authoring Video Game Narratives. Creative Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology.
  • Hargood, C.. Semiotic term expansion as the basis for thematic models in narrative systems. University of Southampton, ECS.

Posters

  • Millard, D., Hargood, C.. Location Location Location: Experiences of Authoring an Interactive Location-Based Narrative. In: International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling 2016.
  • Hargood, C., Pejovic, V., Morrison, L., Michaelides, D., Musolesi, M., Yardley, L., Weal, M., 2014. The UBhave Framework: Dynamic Pervasive Applications for Behavioural Psychology. In: Mobiquitous 2014.
  • Hargood, C., Millard, D., Weal, M.. The Thematic Illustrator: An Automatic Illustrative Approach to Enhancing Narrative Cohesion. In: ACM Hypertext 2011.

Others

PhD Students

  • Zhenhao Tian. VR Universal Usability, (In progress)
  • Wenjun Liu. UX of Educational Mixed Reality Cultural Heritage, (In progress)
  • Daniel Green. UX of Game Narrative Authoring Tools, (Completed)
  • Weilai Xu. Narrative Diaglogue Generation, (Completed)
  • Christopher Ferraris

Profile of Teaching UG

  • Modelling and Game Design (BSc Games Technology Level 6)
  • Games Design Principles (BSc Games Design, BSc Games Software Engineering, and BA Digital Creative Industries Level 4)
  • Storytelling and Narrative Development (BSc Games Design Level 5)
  • Usability and Game Analytics (BSc Games Design Level 6)

Invited Lectures

  • Locative Hypertext Narrative, Hof University (Virtually), 16 May 2023 more
  • The Great Debate, GamesEd21, Online, 31 Mar 2021 more
  • Bridging the skills gap, GamesEd20, online, 08 Sep 2020 more
  • Higher Education requirements of the sector, GamesEd19, National Videogames Museum, Sheffield, 15 Apr 2019 more
  • Game Poetics and Agency, Arts University Bournemouth, 19 Feb 2019 more
  • Location Aware Narratives, Southampton University, 08 Feb 2017 more

Grants

  • LoGaCulture (UKRI (As part of a EU Horizon Project), 01 Apr 2023). Awarded
  • Story places: exploring the poetics of locationbased narratives (Leverhulme Trust, 01 Jul 2015). Awarded

External Responsibilities

  • Ulster University Belfast, External Validation Panel Member

Internal Responsibilities

  • Academic Member, QAEG

Journal Reviewing/Refereeing

  • Arts, Anonymous peer review

Public Engagement & Outreach Activities

  • Outreach talk at Felpham Community College (16 Jun 2017)
  • Creative Technology Webinar (05 Jun 2017)

Attended Training

  • 1st Response First Aid Training in CPR, Defibrillators, and Anaphylaxis, 19 Jun 2019, QA Level 2 Award In Basic Life Support and Management of Anaphylaxis (RQF)
  • Introduction to the Quality Assurance and Enhancement Group, 29 May 2019
  • Doctoral Supervision Development: New Supervisors, 18 May 2017

Qualifications

  • PhD in Computer Science (University of Southampton, 2011)
  • MEng in Computer Science (University of Southampton, 2006)

Honours

  • ACM Hypertext Blueskies track award 1st prize for "Intelligent Generative Locative Hyperstructure" (ACM Hypertext/CCC, 2018)
  • ACM Hypertext and Social Media Douglas Engelbart Award for Best Paper For “Patterns of sculptural hypertext in location based narratives” (ACM SIGWEB, 2016)
  • ACM Hypertext and Social Media Douglas Engelbart Award for Best Paper For “Canyons, Deltas and Plains: Towards a Unified Sculptural Model of Location-Based Hypertext” (ACM SIGWEB, 2013)
  • 2nd Place ACM Hypertext Student Research Competition (ACM SIGWEB, 2008)

Memberships

  • ARDIN, Member (2018-), http://ardin.online/
  • ACM, Member (2018-),
  • HEA, Fellow (2017-),
  • ACM SIGWEB (Executive Committee), Information Director (2013-),

Social Media Links

Broadcast Interview

The data on this page was last updated at 05:00 on February 17, 2026.